The start of the breakaway United All England Eleven
By 1854 the All-England XI are playing a three-day game in Bristol at a ground made by a fellow called Grace who has several sons keen on the game. One of those sons, aged 14, fields so athletically at long-stop that William Clarke gives young Edward a bat. His six year-old brother is watching from the family pony-trap - watching these 11 touring cricketers playing cricket both for fun and a living (Clarke paid about five pounds per game i.e several times the average weekly wage).
Clarke also gives Mrs Grace a little instructional book entitled “Cricket Notes”, to which Clarke himself has contributed the section about bowling, and signed as “Secretary, All-England Eleven.” It becomes a family heirloom and source of inspiration.
Four years later, when that six-year-old boy named William Gilbert is ten, his mother writes to Clarke’s successor as the captain of the All England Eleven, George Parr of Nottingham, saying that while Edward is good at batting, WG is even better, because he can play on the back foot as well as front.
WG plays his first games of note against the All England Eleven. Some players then revolted in favour of higher pay, and formed the breakaway United All England Eleven. Grace was playing for another breakaway group, the United South XI, when in 1876 he scored 400 not out against XXII of Grimsby. His gigantic run-making that season seized the nation by the ears, making cricket the summer sport - and it had only been possible because Clarke had demonstrated that money could be made out of cricket. Grace was an all-round athlete in his youth: but for the openings created by Clarke, he might have stuck with track and field, or boxing, and doctoring, and never played cricket after childhood.
So, an England cricket team touring the country, as the only form of professional cricket to be seen: yes, this summer we are back to square one, and Clarke’s invention.
Selling cricket further afield
Nottingham therefore produces the first professional cricketers of substance in William Clarke, George Parr, Richard Daft, Alfred Shaw and Arthur Shrewsbury. Some of them are also landlords, or owners of shops selling sports equipment; not forelock-tuggers, they know their own worth as the best cricketers in England as well as Nottinghamshire, and are ready to strike if they see fit. And they not only spread cricket in Britain, as never before, but abroad.
The first of all touring teams, the one to the USA and Canada in 1859, was captained by George Parr. He also led the second touring team to Australia, in 1863-4: they went unbeaten through their tour and cleared £250 per man. In 1879 Richard Daft led another team of professionals to the USA, when a crowd totalling 25,000 watched their three-day game against Philadelphia.
The most ambitious of all England cricket tours, in 1881-2, was promoted by Shaw, who was also the captain, and Shrewsbury, and James Lillywhite, the Sussex pro who had captained England in the inaugural Test of 1876-7. The team sailed to the USA, crossed the country by train while playing games en route, voyaged to Australia and played a Test there before going to New Zealand, then returned to Australia for three more Tests. They were playing for almost six months and even though cricket crowds were slumping in America, it was a profitable venture. Shaw and Shrewsbury promoted three more tours of the Antipodes in the 1880s, with Shrewsbury as the England captain; and having led these merry men all winter, he captained Nottinghamshire to the county championship in four consecutive summers in the 1880s, the county’s golden age.
Notts still produce pace bowlers
It is good that while Nottinghamshire sign their batsmen from other counties, they still produce pace bowlers. The collieries have closed, along with their cricket grounds - about 25 colliery grounds have disappeared according to Peter Wynne-Thomas - but strapping local lads are still taking the new ball, like Jake Ball and Luke Fletcher. (Q. How have England’s selectors wasted Ball’s talent? A. By never giving him a run in the side, only four Tests on flat pitches.)
By 1854 the All-England XI are playing a three-day game in Bristol at a ground made by a fellow called Grace who has several sons keen on the game. One of those sons, aged 14, fields so athletically at long-stop that William Clarke gives young Edward a bat. His six year-old brother is watching from the family pony-trap - watching these 11 touring cricketers playing cricket both for fun and a living (Clarke paid about five pounds per game i.e several times the average weekly wage).
Clarke also gives Mrs Grace a little instructional book entitled “Cricket Notes”, to which Clarke himself has contributed the section about bowling, and signed as “Secretary, All-England Eleven.” It becomes a family heirloom and source of inspiration.
Four years later, when that six-year-old boy named William Gilbert is ten, his mother writes to Clarke’s successor as the captain of the All England Eleven, George Parr of Nottingham, saying that while Edward is good at batting, WG is even better, because he can play on the back foot as well as front.
WG plays his first games of note against the All England Eleven. Some players then revolted in favour of higher pay, and formed the breakaway United All England Eleven. Grace was playing for another breakaway group, the United South XI, when in 1876 he scored 400 not out against XXII of Grimsby. His gigantic run-making that season seized the nation by the ears, making cricket the summer sport - and it had only been possible because Clarke had demonstrated that money could be made out of cricket. Grace was an all-round athlete in his youth: but for the openings created by Clarke, he might have stuck with track and field, or boxing, and doctoring, and never played cricket after childhood.
So, an England cricket team touring the country, as the only form of professional cricket to be seen: yes, this summer we are back to square one, and Clarke’s invention.
Selling cricket further afield
Nottingham therefore produces the first professional cricketers of substance in William Clarke, George Parr, Richard Daft, Alfred Shaw and Arthur Shrewsbury. Some of them are also landlords, or owners of shops selling sports equipment; not forelock-tuggers, they know their own worth as the best cricketers in England as well as Nottinghamshire, and are ready to strike if they see fit. And they not only spread cricket in Britain, as never before, but abroad.
The first of all touring teams, the one to the USA and Canada in 1859, was captained by George Parr. He also led the second touring team to Australia, in 1863-4: they went unbeaten through their tour and cleared £250 per man. In 1879 Richard Daft led another team of professionals to the USA, when a crowd totalling 25,000 watched their three-day game against Philadelphia.
The most ambitious of all England cricket tours, in 1881-2, was promoted by Shaw, who was also the captain, and Shrewsbury, and James Lillywhite, the Sussex pro who had captained England in the inaugural Test of 1876-7. The team sailed to the USA, crossed the country by train while playing games en route, voyaged to Australia and played a Test there before going to New Zealand, then returned to Australia for three more Tests. They were playing for almost six months and even though cricket crowds were slumping in America, it was a profitable venture. Shaw and Shrewsbury promoted three more tours of the Antipodes in the 1880s, with Shrewsbury as the England captain; and having led these merry men all winter, he captained Nottinghamshire to the county championship in four consecutive summers in the 1880s, the county’s golden age.
Notts still produce pace bowlers
It is good that while Nottinghamshire sign their batsmen from other counties, they still produce pace bowlers. The collieries have closed, along with their cricket grounds - about 25 colliery grounds have disappeared according to Peter Wynne-Thomas - but strapping local lads are still taking the new ball, like Jake Ball and Luke Fletcher. (Q. How have England’s selectors wasted Ball’s talent? A. By never giving him a run in the side, only four Tests on flat pitches.)