The Origin of Gold | Vital Football

The Origin of Gold

Nick Real Deal

Vital Football Legend
If 2 colliding neutron stars create gold and platinum, also uranium. How did these substances end up buried in our planet ? The density of such stars is so great , one teaspoon sized portion would weigh a billion tons. The force of two such masses colliding is hard to imagine .
 
Nick Real Deal - 16/10/2017 19:08

If 2 colliding neutron stars create gold and platinum, also uranium. How did these substances end up buried in our planet ? The density of such stars is so great , one teaspoon sized portion would weigh a billion tons. The force of two such masses colliding is hard to imagine .

Gravity pulled the mass of all the planets of the solar system, including the sun together.

As you say, the forces at play cannot be properly imagined.

But at least we now know the origins of these precious metals and we can all own a bit of the universe :-)
 
Just think there are moons and planet's entirely made out of gold, Platinum and diamonds. If we ever make interstellar space travel just think of the competition for the goods. Plenty of star wars fighting going on.
 
If Earth was made up from a mash up of particles including precious metals formed by neutron stars. What are our neighbouring planets made of ? Mars is already close to being visited in terms of time. These expired stars are in their millions just in the Milky Way so how much gold is out there and what planets are likely to have it ?
 
Nick Real Deal - 17/10/2017 23:37

If Earth was made up from a mash up of particles including precious metals formed by neutron stars. What are our neighbouring planets made of ? Mars is already close to being visited in terms of time. These expired stars are in their millions just in the Milky Way so how much gold is out there and what planets are likely to have it ?

More importantly I fully expect there will be new elements that will have extraordinary attributes that we simply have no idea of yet.

IN the shorter term, perhaps even in our lifetimes; mining Mars for minerals is now firmly on the cards; it's going to be the hottest 'space-race' the most technology intensive leaps we've ever seen and will far surpass science fiction.
 
All the planets in our solar system were formed at the same time.....4.5 billion years ago. So the compositions of some could include these precious materials. Unless they all gravitated to Earth for some reason.
 
The Moon is the same age and has metallic content including iron and titanium I think . Maybe deeper exploration of the moon is needed. If they find useful material how much can it be mined without upsetting it's effect on Earth. We don't want to destabilize the relationship .
 
https://www.cnbc.com/2017/01/31/billionaire-closer-to-mining-moon-for-trillions-of-dollars-in-riches.html


The Moon base is getting ever closer....


Billionaire closer to mining the moon for trillions of dollars in riches
Lori Ioannou | @LoriIoannou1
Published 8:13 AM ET Tue, 31 Jan 2017 Updated 9:26 AM ET Tue, 31 Jan 2017


America's first private lunar microlander and commercial robot, developed by Moon Express
The new space race: Mining the moon for trillions
9:55 AM ET Tue, 31 Jan 2017 | 04:37

Moon Express, the first private company in history to receive government permission to travel beyond Earth's orbit, announced Tuesday that it raised another $20 million in private equity financing to fund its maiden lunar mission to take place in late 2017. This brings the total amount of private investment to $45 million from investors that include Peter Thiel's Founders Fund, Collaborative Fund and Autodesk.

What may have added impetus to investor interest in Moon Express is President Trump's picks for the NASA transition team — Charles Miller and Chris Shank — and the leading candidate to become the next NASA administrator, GOP Rep. Jim Bridenstine. All support commercial space ventures and manned exploration — including lunar missions.

If successful, the new MX-1 lunar lander from Moon Express would not only win the $20 million Google Lunar XPRIZE, it would also help jump-start a new era of space exploration. Up until now, only government-funded missions from the United States, China and Russia have landed on the moon.

Last year the U.S. government made a historic ruling to allow the company to engage in peaceful commercial lunar exploration and discovery following consultations with the FAA, White House, State Department and NASA.

The company's challenge now is to meet the XPRIZE requirement: Make a soft landing on the moon, travel 500 meters across its surface, and transmit high-definition video and images back to Earth. All tasks must be done before the end of this year.

According to co-founder and chairman Naveen Jain, "Moon Express now has all the capital it needs to land its small robotic spacecraft on the surface of the moon in November or December of 2017." The company's goal is twofold: 1) mine the moon for valuable resources, such as Helium-3, gold, platinum group metals, rare earth metals and water; and 2) help researchers develop human space colonies for future generations.

"Just before the presidential election, NASA released a call for concepts for payloads to the moon to be delivered by private companies. That shows a rising tide of interest in the moon by our nation's space industry." -Bob Richards, co-founder, president and CEO of Moon Express

The ability to mine Helium-3 could have a tremendous impact on Earth and the environment. Helium-3 is a clean, non-radioactive energy source that could potentially power nuclear fusion reactors. Theoretically, a relatively small amount could produce enough clean fuel to power entire industries, if not the entire planet. It's for this reason that the Chinese have also announced plans to mine Helium-3 on the moon.

Another draw is tapping water on the moon's surface. Hydrogen and oxygen can then be separated to create rocket fuel for deep-space missions to Mars and beyond. Essentially, the moon can serve as a fueling station for spacecraft.

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"This year is a watershed year for Moon Express and America's commercial space industry," said Bob Richards, Moon Express' co-founder, president and CEO. "Just before the presidential election, NASA released a call for concepts for payloads to the moon to be delivered by private companies. That shows a rising tide of interest in the moon by our nation's space industry."

Thanks to a unique public-private partnership with NASA, Moon Express has access to NASA engineering expertise. It has licensed space launch complexes 17 and 18 at Cape Canaveral from the U.S. Air Force. The six-year-old start-up with a team of 30 already has contracts for payloads from the private sector and scientific community. They include the delivery of the international lunar observatory on the moon, retroreflector arrays to test principles of Einstein's general relativity theory and lunar geology, and human remains and DNA samples for space burial from Celestis.

In addition, Moon Express hopes to snare a contract for a payload from NASA for its first mission, said Richards.

Moon Express has contracted five electron rockets from New Zealand-based launch provider Rocket Lab for its missions. In the future, it plans to be rocket agnostic and use a variety of rocket providers.

European Space Agency has also expressed interest in partnering with Moon Express. ESA has plans to develop lunar colonies in the future.

Now the race is on to see who will win the Google Lunar XPRIZE and what player will land on the moon first. Contenders include SpaceIL from Israel, Team Inus from India and international team Synergy Moon.

At the same time, superpowers are busy preparing their own missions. China has unveiled plans to visit the moon's north and south poles late this year and return to Earth with rock samples. In 2018 it plans to send its Chang'e-4 lander to the dark side of the moon to carry out patrolling surveys. At the same time, Russia's Roscosmos is planning a manned space exploration base on the moon.

As Naveen explains, "he and his partners are just a group of entrepreneurs trying to move humanity forward. We want to leave a legacy for future generations."
 
https://theconversation.com/why-we-should-mine-the-moon-34285


Why we should mine the moon
November 28, 2014 5.08pm GMT
Author

Ian Crawford

Professor of Planetary Science and Astrobiology, Birkbeck, University of London

Disclosure statement

Ian Crawford receives funding for lunar science and exploration (although not related to lunar resources specifically) from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) and The Leverhulme Trust. He is a scientific advisor to the Lunar Mission One project which aims to land a robotic probe on the south pole of the Moon in 2024.
Partners

The Conversation UK receives funding from Hefce, Hefcw, SAGE, SFC, RCUK, The Nuffield Foundation, The Ogden Trust, The Royal Society, The Wellcome Trust, Esmée Fairbairn Foundation and The Alliance for Useful Evidence, as well as sixty five university members.


To date, all human economic activity has depended on the material and energy resources of a single planet; understandably, perhaps. It is conceivable though that future advances in space exploration could change this by opening our closed planetary economy to essentially unlimited external resources of energy and raw materials.

Look up at the Moon this evening, and you might be gazing at a solution. The Earth’s closest celestial neighbour seems likely to play a major role and already a number of private companies have been created to explore the possibilities.

It is important to stress that even now, 40 years after the Apollo missions, we still don’t have a complete picture of the Moon’s economic potential, and obtaining one will require a more rigorous programme of lunar exploration than has been undertaken to-date. In part, this is why proposed future lunar exploration missions (such as the recently announced Lunar Mission One) are so important.

Nevertheless, as a result of work over the past four decades, we do now know enough to make a first-order assessment of lunar resource potential. In doing so it is useful to distinguish between three possible future applications of such resources.
Digging deep

We have the option of using lunar materials to facilitate continued exploration, and future economic development, of the Moon itself. The concept is usually referred to as In Situ Resource Utilisation, or ISRU.

We could make use of lunar resources to facilitate scientific and economic activity in the vicinity of both Earth and Moon (so-called cis-lunar space) as well as future exploration deeper into the Solar System

We can consider the importation of lunar resources to the Earth’s surface where they would contribute directly to the global economy.

Recent work – which I have summarised here – has shown that the Moon does possess materials suitable for ISRU. Most important in this respect is evidence for deposits of water ice and other volatiles trapped in cold (less than 100 Kelvin or minus 173 degrees Celsius) and permanently shadowed craters at the lunar poles. In addition to being required for human life support, water is also a ready source of oxygen (required for both life support and rocket fuel oxidiser) and hydrogen (a valuable rocket fuel).

In addition to possible ice deposits, it has been known since the early studies of the Apollo samples that the lunar soil contains volatiles, substances derived ultimately from the solar wind (e.g. hydrogen, helium, carbon, nitrogen, and at high latitudes, hydroxide and perhaps water), and these may also be exploitable for ISRU activities.

Although ISRU will undoubtedly benefit future scientific exploration, it is true that such activities will only make wider economic sense if further lunar exploration and development is able to yield net benefits to the global economy. It is here that the second of those three potential applications of lunar resources comes into play.
Sci-fi realities. Mark Bult, CC BY-ND
Fuel’s gold

Our global civilisation is already highly dependent on Earth-orbiting satellites for communications, navigation, weather forecasting and resource management, and this reliance is likely to increase. The high costs of these activities are largely dictated by high launch costs, and by the fact that failed satellites cannot currently be repaired or replenished in orbit. The availability of resources obtained from the weaker gravity conditions of the Moon would help mitigate these obstacles to further economic development in Earth orbit. Near-term lunar exports to a cis-lunar infrastructure could include the supply of hydrogen and oxygen as rocket fuel/oxidiser.

In addition, lunar surface rocks and soils are rich in potentially useful but heavy (and thus expensive to launch from Earth) raw materials such as magnesium, aluminium, silicon, iron and titanium. Therefore, if a lunar industrial infrastructure is gradually built up, the Moon may be able to provide more sophisticated products to Earth-orbiting facilities. Examples might include titanium and aluminium alloys for structural components, and silicon-based photovoltaic cells for solar power. The key business case for sourcing these materials on the Moon is simple. It takes about 20 times less energy to launch a given mass from the surface of the Moon into Earth orbit compared to launching it from the Earth’s surface to Earth orbit.
Down to earth

This all seems pretty encouraging for any company or country considering drilling on the Moon, but opportunities for lunar resources to make a more direct contribution to the world economy by being imported to the Earth’s surface are limited. This is because the Earth already contains the same basic mix of chemical elements as does the Moon, many of them in higher localised concentrations (i.e. ores), and we have a well-developed infrastructure for extracting and refining terrestrial raw materials.
Helium 3’s potential may be over-inflated. warrenski, CC BY

The light isotope of helium (helium-3), which is implanted into lunar soils by the solar wind is often cited as an exception because it is perceived by some to be a potential fuel for future nuclear fusion reactors on Earth. However, sustainable nuclear fusion using helium-3 has yet to be shown to be practical, and even if it is, the concentration of helium-3 in lunar soils is so low (about ten parts-per-billion by mass) that strip mining and processing hundreds of square kilometres of the lunar surface would be required each year in order to make a significant contribution to Earth’s future energy needs.

Other possible lunar materials which might conceivably be economically imported to the Earth include platinum group elements (currently valued at between $20,000 and $50,000 per kilo) extracted from iron meteorites that may have survived impact with the lunar surface, and materials (for example, economically valuable rare-earth elements which are known to be concentrated in some regions of the Moon) for which the environmental costs of terrestrial mining may one day make lunar sources more attractive.
Booster stages

When we pull together the evidence, it remains difficult to identify any single lunar resource that will be sufficiently valuable to drive a mining industry on its own. There is no simple solution. However, the Moon does possess abundant raw materials that are of potential economic interest.

We need to think of a hierarchy of future applications. This begins with the use of lunar materials to facilitate human activities on the Moon itself. We can then progress to the use of lunar resources to underpin a future industrial capability within the Earth-Moon system. In this way, gradually increasing access to lunar resources may help “bootstrap” a self-sustaining space-based economy from which the global economy will ultimately benefit.

This article is based on an invited review paper on lunar resources that will be published by the journal _Progress in Physical Geography in the New Year. A preprint of that paper, which contains references to the primary literature on which this essay is based, can be found here_
 
Is Moon Mining Economically Feasible?
By Leonard David, Space.com's Space Insider Columnist | January 7, 2015 07:11am ET



Is Moon Mining Economically Feasible?
The moon offers a wealth of resources that may fuel a near-Earth/moon industrial infrastructure. This mosaic view of the near side of Earth's moon comes from NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter's camera system, the LROC Wide Angle Camera (WAC). The moon's diameter is 2,159 miles (3,474 kilometers).
Credit: NASA/GSFC/Arizona State University

The moon may offer pay dirt with a rewarding mother lode of resources, a celestial gift that is literally up for grabs. But what's really there for the taking, and at what cost?

A new assessment of whether or not there's an economic case for mining the moon has been put forward by Ian Crawford, a professor of planetary science and astrobiology at Birkbeck College, London. His appraisal is to appear in a forthcoming issue of the journal Progress in Physical Geography.

Crawford said it's hard to identify any single lunar resource that will be sufficiently valuable to drive a lunar resource extraction industry on its own. Nonetheless, he said the moon does possess abundant raw materials that are of potential economic interest. [Home On the Moon: How to Build a Lunar Colony (Infographic)]

Lunar resources could be used to help build up an industrial infrastructure in near-Earth space, Crawford said, a view shared by space scientist Paul Spudis of the Lunar Planetary Institute and others.

"If the moon's resources are going to be helpful, they are going to be helpful beyond the surface of the moon itself," Crawford said. Still, the overall case for any future payoff from exploiting the moon's resources has yet to be made, Crawford said.

"It's quite complicated," he told Space.com. "It's not simple at all."

Vanishing resource

One bit of skepticism from Crawford concerns helium-3. Advocates envision mining the moon for this isotope of helium, which gets embedded in the upper layer of lunar regolith by the solar wind over billions of years. Hauling back the stuff from the moon could power still-to-be-built nuclear fusion reactors here on Earth, advocates say.

"It doesn't make sense, the whole helium-3 argument," Crawford said. Strip-mining the lunar surface over hundreds of square kilometers would produce lots of helium-3, he said, but the substance is a limited resource.

"It's a fossil fuel reserve. Like mining all the coal or mining all the oil, once you've mined it … it's gone," Crawford said. The investment required and infrastructure necessary to help solve the world's future energy needs via moon-extracted helium-3 is enormous and might better be used to develop genuinely renewable energy sources on Earth, he added.

"It strikes me that, as far as energy is concerned, there are better things one should be investing in. So I'm skeptical for that reason. But that doesn't mean that I don't think the moon, in the long-term, is economically useful," Crawford said.

But Crawford has a caveat about helium-3: Estimates for the abundance of the isotope are based on Apollo moon samples brought back from the low latitudes of the moon.

"It's possible that helium-3 and other solar-wind–implanted ions, like hydrogen, may be in a higher abundance in the cold regolith near the lunar poles. That would be an important measurement to make and would require a polar lander," Crawford said.

Such information would increase researchers' knowledge, not only of the helium-3 inventory, but also possibly of useful solar wind-implanted elements, like helium-4, as well as hydrogen, carbon and nitrogen resources, he added.

Consistent story

A top of the list, must-do action item, Crawford said, is determining how much water is truly locked up within the moon's polar craters.
Human prospectors have already been on the moon. Apollo 17's Jack Schmitt, a geologist, is shown during his 1972 mission gauging the off-Earth bounty of resources.
Human prospectors have already been on the moon. Apollo 17's Jack Schmitt, a geologist, is shown during his 1972 mission gauging the off-Earth bounty of resources.
Credit: NASA

Remote sensing of the moon from orbiting spacecraft, including radar data, is telling a consistent story about this resource, which can be processed into oxygen and rocket fuel. [Water on the Moon: What It Could Mean for Exploration (Video)]

"But to really get to the bottom of it, we need in-situ [on-the-spot] measurements from the surface at the lunar poles," Crawford said. "It's first on my list [of necessary steps] … and when we have an answer to that, we can plan accordingly."

Rare earth elements

Better knowledge of the availability of rare earth elements on the moon would also be valuable, Crawford said.

"It's entirely possible that when we really explore the moon properly we will find higher concentrations of some of these materials … materials that are not resolvable by orbital remote sensing," he said. The moon might harbor concentrations of rare earth elements such as uranium and thorium — as well as other useful materials that we're not aware of today — in small, geographically restricted areas, he said,

"To explore the whole moon at the level of detail required, that's a big undertaking," Crawford said. "But long term, we should be keeping an open mind to that."

Crashed asteroids

In rounding out his lunar resource listing, Crawford points to the high-value platinum-group elements. As space researcher Dennis Wingo and others previously pointed out, a lot of metallic asteroids have pummeled the moon over the eons. Locating those impactors could lead lunar prospectors to big yields of valuable platinum-group elements, Crawford said.
In coming years, government-sponsored and private-sector spacecraft will land on the moon. This image shows a resource prospector carrying a Regolith and Environment Science and Oxygen and Lunar Volatile Extraction (RESOLVE) experiment. The intent of the effort is to find, characterize and map ice and other substances in almost permanently shadowed areas of the moon.
In coming years, government-sponsored and private-sector spacecraft will land on the moon. This image shows a resource prospector carrying a Regolith and Environment Science and Oxygen and Lunar Volatile Extraction (RESOLVE) experiment. The intent of the effort is to find, characterize and map ice and other substances in almost permanently shadowed areas of the moon.
Credit: NASA

"If you're just interested in platinum group elements, you would probably go and mine the asteroids," Crawford said. "On the other hand, if going to the moon for scavenging polar volatiles, rare earth elements … then the impact sites of crashed asteroids could offer an added bonus."

"So you add all of these things together, [then] even without helium-3, you can start to see that the moon might become of economic interest in the longer term. That's my take," Crawford concluded.

Time to demonstrate

How should humanity demonstrate the collection, extraction and utilization of lunar resources? And when should this happen?

"Lunar resource exploration should be based on the same methods that have guided humans on their centuries-old exploration of terrestrial resources," said Angel Abbud-Madrid, director of the Center for Space Resources at the Colorado School of Mines in Golden, Colorado.

Abbud-Madrid told Space.com that here on Earth, resource discovery is quickly followed by drilling, excavation, extraction and processing operations to enable the utilization of those resources.

"For the moon, sufficient prospecting — through remote sensing — and identification of valuable resources, such as oxygen and hydrogen for in-situ applications, has been done to date," Abbud-Madrid said. Based on these findings, he said, the necessary technologies and prototypes to collect and extract these elements have been developed and tested on terrestrial analog sites.

For example, NASA's Resource Prospector Mission, a concept mission aiming for launch in 2018, would verify the feasibility of lunar resource extraction, as would several other mission concepts from the private sector, Abbud-Madrid said. Such work, in turn, will pave the way to incorporating In Situ Resource Utilization, known as ISRU, in future exploration planning, he said.

"Thus, the time has come to demonstrate these systems on the surface of the moon," Abbud-Madrid concluded.

To read Ian Crawford's "Lunar Resources: A Review Paper," go here.

Leonard David has been reporting on the space industry for more than five decades. He is former director of research for the National Commission on Space and is co-author of Buzz Aldrin's 2013 book "Mission to Mars – My Vision for Space Exploration" published by National Geographic with a new updated paperback version to be released in May of this year. Follow us @Spacedotcom, Facebook or Google+. Originally published on Space.com.
 
Interesting stuff. I am concerned about taking significant material out of the moon though. Would it affect the fine balance of pull it has on us. ?
 
I seriously doubt mining on the moon would serious affect it's mass or it's gravitational pull - one aspect most forget/don't know is that the moons orbit is already in decay and slowly (very slowly!) been pulling away for 10's, if not hundreds of thousands of years.

The calculated mass of the moon is around 7.34767309×1022 kilograms. that's 73,476,730,900,000,000,000,000 kg. or 73,476,730,900,000,000,000 tonnes.

Even just mining the additional mass it takes on every year from meteoroids and space dust would be an absolutely huge tonnage (I saw an estimate once that said it's mass was increasing at around 200-400 tonnes p.a. Of course from what we know currently you'd have to have a much closer look at what it is we'd actually be mining (and it may not be precious metals).

The two things that appear to be in abundance and we would find useful are Iron and Oxygen. Of course Oxygen is great for us to use in space and Iron can be used to make shelters and space craft and being of a lower gravity would probably be easier to achieve, but beyond that it would appear very uncertain to me of whether cost = greater value, or amounts would even be feasible.

The World uses about 120-140 Million tons of steel a month (but that is projected to keep increasing).

To change the mass of the moon by even a 100th of 1% (%.01) you would have to remove 7,347,673,090,000,000 tonnes from the moon.

I would expect the Oxygen / water might be captured/used for space ships (almost like a refueling in dock i.e. Space ships have minimum required to break from earths atmosphere and then take on essential life supplies with a quick stop at the moonbase which would be far more economical and sensible, but as for mining/ perhaps shipping Iron ore anywhere would always remain prohibitive and we most likely would be mining asteroids long before we came close to affecting the moon.

Capturing and mining asteroids by steering them into the moon or putting them into a moon orbit might well be more cost effective and easier to digest by AI robots., harvesting asteroids would be far more economically viable I suspect and 'output' could be 'parked and stored on the Moon or in orbit and used as and when demand required.

So I can't really easily see why it would affect the Earth, but of course, anythings possible!

Seems to me the only reason to mine the moon would be for Rare Earth metals, but no one as of now seems to know if there are core deposits of the stuff on the moon! (well as far as I know).
 
Apparently the Earths core has enough precious metals to cover the surface of the planet entirely at 4 metres thick.

The gold we get comes from meteors of 200 million years ago and are within our crust. How many meteors must have fallen into the oceans and are yet to be found ? They won't be on the sea bed but they would be easier to get to surely than Mars etc.

What we need is deep sea submersibles and gold detectors .

I never thought about gold being metal from space but I guess everything is ?

I don't get why God formulated such a complex and massive event to get a bit of bling. Jesus could make wine from water, walk on it, feed thousands with a loaf and a fish. Was he cleverer than his Dad ? You with think God would just say....I demand bling. No he had to get dead stars to do it.

I guess believers would say God created the neutron stars , waited a few billion years for them to burn out then set them on a collision course so that the ingredients for Earth would be in transit a few more billion years ahead to come together in one blob.

I await Tel's version of events .
 
As God is omnipotent; and that it's known that time and space cannot be a constant (Einsteins relativity theory) and it's known that only the speed of light can be called as such, and as God is literally the light, he can be at all places at all times - therefore time as we understand it give or take a few billion years has no meaning to an immortal supreme being;

'He' (if it exists I'm convinced it must be a female) is therefore simply amusing herself watching our species struggle to make sense if it all - as in our reality, it's senseless and will never be understood.....mind you, I was mightily relieved when they announced last week that they'd found half the missing mass in the Universe; it's been keeping me awake recently worrying where it has gone...

Why an immortal supreme being could be bothered at all is now keeping me awake!

:15:
 
What did he do while he was waiting for the stars to burn out, then all the particles form our core , then the crust etc. He did it in 7 days didn't he ? Is it 7 days after the completion of core , mantle and crust ?
 
Nick Real Deal - 18/10/2017 18:49

What did he do while he was waiting for the stars to burn out, then all the particles form our core , then the crust etc. He did it in 7 days didn't he ? Is it 7 days after the completion of core , mantle and crust ?

She did it in six, and rested on the seventh (Supreme being Union rules).

The Book of Genesis tell us this:

Creation Day 2 (Genesis 1:6-8)

God creates the sky. The sky forms a barrier between water upon the surface and the moisture in the air. At this point earth would have an atmosphere. This creative work occurs in one day.

Creation Day 3 (Genesis 1:9-13)

God creates dry land. Continents and islands are above the water. The large bodies of water are named “seas” and the ground is named “land.” God declares that all this is good.

God creates all plant life both large and small. He creates this life to be self-sustaining; plants have the ability to reproduce. The plants were created in great diversity (many “kinds”). The earth was green and teeming with plant life. God declares that this work is also good. This creative work takes one day.

So the answer to your question is that it was a two day job..

You've just got to be impressed with her work ethic, no rest, no breaks, just went at it until she was done.
 
So why so long for the gold production ? He by passed evolution but couldn't create bling instantly ? No I need Tel to clarify this. God forbid it's almost suggestion God is a load of bollox.

It doesn't make sense, he gives us a massive gold core but decides to rain it in on space rock about 200 million years before creating us.
 
He could't make it easy for us; everything has to be fought for, earned and won - there's absolutely no joy in achieving without a struggle...

It's not the outcome that defines us, it's the struggle.

At least, that's what God told me... :91:
 
Was enjoying that reading until god was mentioned. :92:

We should build a space station on the moon. That's if we already haven't....
 
Real Deal - 19/10/2017 21:03

Was enjoying that reading until god was mentioned. :92:

We should build a space station on the moon. That's if we already haven't....

Sorry RD but you can see what my point was. Back to the subject.