I can't find the article but I'm sure I read recently (on BBC football) that an idea under consideration is for PL clubs to be limited to having 10 players out on loan at any one time - probably with Chelsea in mind. This could help stop the hoarding of young players that goes on at the huge clubs.
The "Chelsea model" was never about hoarding players (as such.) What they do is scour the world for talent and bring them all in at young ages. They aren't really the reason for blocking young players route to the first team.
Most of the players they buy up, they buy young and cheap, loan them out and then sell at profit. They are never going to get near the first 11 for big games other than a few minutes cameo.
Of course there are exceptions like Courtois who actually make it back to their owner's first team but most of those (kaboodles of) foreign players out on loan across Europe are a business model rather than prospects for Chelsea.
There are also the ones that were meant for the first team, bought for big money (like Batshuayi) but haven't made the grade so these shouldn't be confused with the young, cheap imports.
Then with the "homegrown" bit there is a rule about having a certain amount of homegrown players at a club. That is why English playerrs often cost so much more than foreign imports. The so called "English Premium."
It isn't as simple as teams buying foreigners because they are better OR because they are cheaper. An English player good enough for a first 11 place at Premier League level (in contract) is going to cost at least double the equivalent foreign player. The best English players are fought over by clubs to abide with the "homegrown" rule.
So we see players like Milner cost fortunes. Walker & Sterling cost fortunes despite their contracts only having a short amount left.
Then we have this new academy status thingamy which means those clubs with the best academys (now graded) have a much bigger zone to pull players from. Academies are poaching players from other academies. And yes because of the homegrown rule (5 years development at a club) they are buying very very young from abroad as well.
I don't really think there is a solution to this at the moment. The system (like everything to do with money) is sold as beneficial for this and that by the FA, UEFA & FIFA but it really is all about "elite" football.
It is setup to allow the big clubs to do whatever they want to get the best players and rather than have a smaller net and less places like good academies used to do, academies (and clubs in general) are like trawlers that rake in mass amounts of young footballers. Not caring much about them as people and vast amounts of them are discarded.
Lots of players at our level, L1 and Championship have come from PL academies, never got near the first team and were discarded. A few decades ago lots of players advanced through the leagues as they progressed. These days hardly any do. They drop down the leagues. The Vardy example is now a very very rare occurance.
A player like Gareth Macauley these days would have been "brought" by a PL academy to be sat there until they decided he was good enough or not. He would not have come over to a small team and progressed through the leagues to reach the Prem.
At the end of the day it isn't really the PL clubs to blame. It is the system that "world football" including the FA have setup and sold as "for the kids." It is all about the money at the top and money in general.
Same as the "building top notch 3G pitches and training up youth coaches to X level" (so we can compete with Brazil whose kids learn on dust patches and streets coached by the bloke who is into football.) Building loads of 3G pitches just means that kids/parents are priced out of football. Training all the coaches means that some coaches are priced out of football. Being in a kids football team (unless the kid is good enough to be "discovered" by a top academy) is very expensive. Petrol, entry fee etc. So the kid from a "poor" household these days can't even afford to play for the local Sunday league side.
We have to travel to places like Retford, Boston etc for my boy. I daresay there are lots and lots of potentially talented young lads in the UK whose parents cannot afford the £140 club registration each year and the petrol money to places like Boston and back each fortnight.
THAT is where the FA should be investing their money. In local academies and making football more accessible.
It is about money. That is why the big clubs "hoard" players. Like trawlers that catch everything except they don't throw the sprats back into the sea until they have grown up.
